2011年6月大学英语四级考试全真预测试卷一（含答案详解听力）
发布时间：2012-01-08 00:49:30   来源：   点击：

          
Part I                              Writing                                 (30 minutes)

Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic ofReuse of Textbooks in Schools. You should writeat least120words following the outline given below.

1.                 目前有些中小学开始循环使用课本，好处是…

2.                 也可能会产生一些问题

3.                 我对此的看法

Reuse of Textbooks in Schools

Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)

Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions onAnswer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7’ choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

Tell-All Generation Learns to Keep Things Offline

Min Liu, a 21-year-old liberal arts student at the New School in New York City, got a Facebook account at 17 and recorded her college life in detail, from rooftop drinks with friends to dancing at a downtown club. Recently, though, she has had second thoughts.

Concerned about her career prospects, she asked a friend to take down a photograph of her drinking and wearing a tight dress. When the woman overseeing herinternship(实习）askedto join her Facebook circle, Ms. Liu agreed, but limited access to her Facebook page. “I want people to take me seriously," she said.

The conventional wisdom suggests that everyone under 30 is comfortable revealing every aspect of their lives online, from their favorite pizza to most frequent sexual partners. But many members of the tell-all generation are rethinking what it means to live out loud.

While participation in social networks is still strong, a survey released last month by the University of California, Berkeley, found that more than half the young adults questioned had become more concerned about privacy than they were five years ago — mirroring the number of people their parent's age or older with that worry.

They are morediligent(勤奋的）than older adults, however, in trying to protect themselves. In a new study to be released this month, the Pew Internet Project has found that people in their 20s exert more control over their digital reputations than older adults, more vigorously deleting unwanted posts and limiting information about themselves. “Social networking requires watchfldness, not only in what youpost, but what your friends post about you," said Mary Madden, a senior research specialist who oversaw the study by Pew, which examines online behavior. "Now you are responsible for everything."

Theerosion(侵蚀）of privacy has become a pressing issue among active users of social networks. Last week, Facebook scrambled to fix a security breach that allowed users to see their friends' supposedly private information, including personal chats.

Sam Jackson, a junior at Yale who started a blog when he was 15 and who has been an intern at Google, said he had learned not to trust any social network to keep his information private. "If I go back and look, there are things four years ago I would not say today," he said. "I am much moreself censoring (自检I'll try to be honest and forthright, but I am conscious now who I am talking to."

He has learned to live out loud mostly by trial and error and has come up with his own theory: concentric layers of sharing.

His Facebook account, which he has had since 2005, is strictly personal. "I don't want people to know what my movie rentals are," he said. “If I am sharing something, I want to know what's being shared with others."

Mistrust of the intentions of social sites appears to exist everywhere. In its telephone survey of 1,000 people, the Berkeley Center for Law and Technology at the University of California found that 88 percent of the 18- to 24-year-olds it surveyed last July said there should be a law that requires Web sites to delete stored information. And 62 percent said they wanted a law that gave people the right to know everything a Web site knows about them.

That mistrust is translating into action. In the Pew study, to be released shortly, researchers interviewed 2,253 adults late last summer and found that people aged 18 to 29 were more apt to monitor privacy settings than older adults are, and they more often delete comments or remove their names from photos so they cannot be identified. Younger teenagers were not included in these studies, and they may not have the same privacy concerns. But anecdotal evidence suggests that many of them have not had enough experience to understand the downside to oversharing.

Elliot Schrage, who oversees Facebook's global communications and public policy strategy, said it was a good thing that young people are thinking about what they put online. “We are not forcing anyone to use it," he said of Facebook. But at the same time, companies like Facebook have a financialincentive (刺激）to get friends to share as much as possible. That's because the more personal the information that Facebook collects, the more valuable the site is to advertisers, who can mine it to serve up more targeted ads.

Two weeks ago，Senator Charles E. Schumer, Democrat of New York,petitioned(请求）the Federal Trade Commission to review the privacy policies of social networks to make sure consumers are not being deliberately confused or misled. The action was sparked by a recent change to Facebook's settings that forced its more than 400 million users to choose to "opt out" of sharing private information with third- party Web sites instead of "opt in," a move which confounded many of them.

Mr. Schrage of Facebook said, “We try diligently to get people to understand the changes." But in many cases, young adults are teaching one another about privacy.

Ms. Liu is not just policing her own behavior, but her sister's, too. Ms. Liu sent a text message to her 17-year-old sibling warning her to take down a photo of a guy sitting on her sister's lap. Why? Her sister wants to audition for "Glee" and Ms. Liu didn't want the show's producers to see it. Besides, what if her sister became a celebrity? "It brings to mind an image where if you became famous anyone could pull up a picture and send it to TMZ," Ms. Liu said.

Andrew Klemperer, a 20-year-old at Georgetown University, said it was a classmate who warned him about the implications of the recent Facebook change — through a status update on (where else?) Facebook. Now he is more diligent in monitOTing privacy settings and apt to warn others, too.

Helen Nissenbaum, a professor of culture, media and communication at New York University and author of "Privacy in Context," a book about information sharing in the digital age, said teenagers were naturally protective of their privacy as theynavigate(行走）the path to adulthood, and the frequency with which companies change privacy rules has taught them to be watchful.

That was the experience of Kanupriya Tewari, a 19-year-old pre-med student at Tufts University. Recently she sought to limit the information a friend could see on Facebook but found the process cumbersome. “I spent like an hour trying to figure out how to limit my profile, and I couldn't," she said. She gave up because she had chemistry homework to do, but vowed to figure it out after finals. “I don't think they would look out for me，’’she said. “I have to look out for me."

1.           Why did Min Liu ask a friend to delete a picture about her?

[A] Her friend violated her privacy.                          [B] She's afraid that it may affect her job.

[C] Her boss was angry at the picture.                       [D] She wanted to post it on her own blog.

2.             What's the generally accepted opinion about people under 30 in America?

[A] They are more sexually open.                             [B] They think about what they post online.

[C] They share everything of their lives online. [D] They are eager to win respect from others.

3.             A study of the Pew Internet Project shows that compared with older adults, young adults today

[A] pay less attention to privacy                                [B] act more in protecting their privacy

[C] care less about digital reputation                          [D] are more honest and straightforward

4.             What is said about Sam Jackson, an intern at Google, in the passage?

[A]            He made a number of mistakes four years ago.

[B]            He decided not to talk with strangers online.

[C]            He was not honest when he chatted online before.

[D]            He doubted social sites in protecting his privacy.

5.            What does the survey of the Berkeley Center for Law and Technology reveal?

[A]            Most young adults question why social sites store their information.

[B]            Mistrust of social sites has spread from young adults to older users.

[C]            Old users tend to delete comments more than younger users.

[D]            More social sites inform users before collecting their information.

6.             Different from people aged 18 to 29，younger teenagers_______ •

[A]            seldom suffer from private information leakage

[B]            are very active participating in social networks

[C]            learn earlier to protect their private information

[D]            haven't learned the negative part of living out loud

7.             According to the passage, the oversharing personal information collected by Facebook actually

[A]            is discouraged by Facebook's executives

[B]             enhances communication between friends

[C]            brings the company advertisement incomes

[D]            is achieved through financial rewards to users

8. The Federal Trade Commission was asked to examine privacy policies to stop websites'

9.            Georgetown University student Andrew Klemperer now watches closely______________________

___________ of Facebook.

10.    According to Helen Nissenbaum，if social sites change privacy policies quite often, teenagers will learn to be________________.

Part III                Listening Comprehension                   (35 minutes)

Section A

Directions:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause，you must read the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D], and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

11.    [A] Professor's lecture is borkig but crucial.

[B]                           It's not necessary for the man to attend the lecture.

[C]                          The man should have been more attentive in the lecture.

[D]                          Professor's lecture has nothing to do with the final exam.

12.     [A] He'd better submit his resume at once. [B] Not all applicants will be interviewed. [C] She does need his help for the moment. [D] There might not be any interview at all.

13.     [A] The man wants to be a business manager.

[B]                          The woman is working in a kindergarten.

[C]                          The woman is not happy with the man's decision.

[D]                          The man will go in for business right after high school.

14.     [A] Lend her his hiking shoes.                        [B] Be more flexible. [C] Lend her his gym shoes. [D] Take more exercise.

15.     [A] The woman paid only $120 on her books.

[B]                          Joanna saves a lot of money on textbooks.

[C]                          The man doesn't think textbooks are expensive.

B] He should quit his job as soon as possible.

D] He should be more positive toward his work.

B] He believes the woman is not serious.

D] He thinks dining at Hilton is not worthwhile.

B] He has a charming personality.

D] There were so many applicants.

n you have just heard.

B] She will travel in the downtown.

D] She will do the teaching job.

B] They can not pass the examination.

D] They can not catch up with the lessons.

B] She finishes her examinations first.

D] She affords more time to the tutoring.

[D]                          Many students find useful books in the bookstore.

16.     [A]He should try a different field of work. [C] He should find a more promising position,

17.     [A] He doesn't enjoy the dishes at Hilton. [C] He isn't familiar with the way to Hilton.

18.     [A] He has no experience at all. [C] He is so lucky that he got the job.

Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversatio

19.     [A] She will take some lessons. [C] She will attend the party.

20.    [A] They can not find a good math teacher. [C] They can not meet the requirements.

21.    [A] She asks for a leave from her professor. [C] She only gives the lessons on weekend.

22.    [A] She needs more efforts to help the students.

[B]                           She has made some encouraging achievements.

[C]                           She is lack of time for teaching.

[D]                           She can do nothing to help the students.

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

23.     [A] A college degree.                                     [B] Good credit record.

[C] Living in the college.                                      [D] An age of at least 18 years.

24.    [A] Free.                                                       [B] 18 pounds per year. [C] 25 pounds per year. [D] 125 pounds per year.

25.     [A] You will get a fine.                                  [B] You will be given a booklet.

[C] You cannot borrow any item.                          [D] Your rights of borrowing will be canceled

Section B

Directions:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you mil hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After ？ou hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], ^rB], [C] and[DJ. Then mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 2with a single line /trough the centre.

Passage One

Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard. 26. [A] It keeps readers away from the PC.

[B]                     It helps a lot with environment protection.

[C]                     It costs less than buying traditional newspapers.

[D]           It will become the best means of advertisements. 11. [A] It offers 24-hour newspaper service.

[B]                     It is only sold on Amazon's website in US.

[C]                     It is a portable e-newspaper reading device.

[D]                     It can be rented at $ 5.99 to $14.99 monthly.

28.   [A] The e-newspapers don't contain pictures.

[B]                      It only offers headlines and tops of articles.

[C]                     Its black-and-white screen isn't big enough.

[D]                     The pages don't appeal to the readers much.

Passage Two

Questions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.

29.   [A] Ambitious but sensible.                            [B] Ambitious and unrealistic.

[C] Expecting the child to be a genius.                  [D] Setting a super high standard for the child.

50. [A] He knows very little about music.

[B]                     He is a member of a large orchestra.

[C]                     He wants Michael to be a great trumpet player.

[D]                                      He never makes Michael enter music competition. 11. [A] Both of them are successful educators.

[B]                     They are happy even when Winston does not win.

[C]                     They want Winston to be a successful musician.

[D]                                   They fail to enter Winston in many piano competitions. 2. [A] He does not like to play piano.

                                         He has to attend many piano lessons.

                                         He has to enter every piano competition.

                                          He is afraid of disappointing his parents.

Passage Three

questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have justheard. ?. [A] It will always be very profitable.

[B]                     It's easier and cheaper than ever before.

[C]                     The moneymakers will get you off the ground.

[D]                     It requires very little knowledge in management.

[A]                    A magazine, an idea and a laptop.

[B]                    A friend, an idea and good knowledge of Internet.

[C]                      Some knowledge about business, an idea and $10,000.

[D]                    An idea, a little knowledge about Internet and $10,000.

35. [A] It develops modestly but steadily.

[B]            There is a lot of free stuff on Tayman's website.

[C]            It began to show signs of failure within months.

[D]           Its capacity is approximately 10,000 visits each week.

Section C

Directions:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the secona time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.

Internet data shows that younger adults have become the primary audienceobsessed(着迷)

with altering their personal appearance. The recent (36)_____________ death of Stephanie Kuleba, an

18-year-old high school cheerleader who died as a (37)______________ of a plastic surgery, broughl

our attention to the (38)___________ of a more "ideal" body amongst teenagers. In fact, search data

(39)__________ this phenomenon. One of the most (40)_____________ sites visited from the search

term "plastic surgery" is the official site of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons. Over 25% oi visitors to the site fell within the 18- to 24-year-old~~that's up from 19.6% two years ago.

Plastic (41)___________ has become an American obsession. Checking other markets, such as

the United Kingdom and Australia, the 18- to 24-year-old fascination with plastic surgery is a (42〕

_________ U.S. phenomenon.

Looking at other health-related sites visited by 18- to 24-year-olds (43)_______________ just how

obsessed this age group is with appearance. Unlike the older groups who visit sites related tc

diseases and keeping healthy, (44)_________________________________________________________

____________________________________ ’ such as those focused on bodybuilding, weight loss anc

skincare. And definitely plastic surgery.

While surgery-themed television may be driving the interest of a younger audience, (45)_________

the failing US economy. If we track the trend in searches on topics such as "plastic surgery", (46

______ . In fact, if we look at the search patterns around popular surgeries, over the last year the tern

"cost" appear most commonly.

Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes Section A

Directions:In this section，there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one wor for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passag through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a lette Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line throug the centre. You may not use any of thewords inthe bank more thanonce. Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.

Managers need to find ways to give their employees a lift to improve theirmorale(士气).Thai where team-building exercises and other spiritual encouragement can come into 47 . The theory that a trust-building game，a wilderness adventure, a cooking class or even full-contact chocola bingo(宾果游戏）一yes, it exists ——will help 48 teamwork, bring cheer and thus encourageeveryone to work harder and better together.

Yes，promoting teamwork is 49 . Getting everyone together for a shared activity can improve team spirit. But，too often, formal team-building programs 50 only minor, short-lived improvements in encouragement or performance.

Still, employers do need to support teamwork, 51 in bad climate. The 52 news is that what works is often fairly simple and inexpensive. The key to improving morale，several experts said, is understanding what 53 to your workers.

Curbing executiveperks(津贝占）and salaries can also go a long way toward building morale， according to Professor Kets de Vries. It is 54 unlikely that workers of car factories got much of a lift watching their industry's top executives take private jets to Washington in November to ask for financial aid. “If you get paid 500 times what the 55 worker is paid, that is ridiculous，，，Professor Kets de Vries said. "Don't be 56 • Great organizations are team-based."

[A] good	[F] effective	[K] generate
[B] play	[G] matters	[L] average
[C] practice	[H] generous	\M\concerns
[D] promote	[I] greedy	[N] particularly
[E] highly	[J] bad	[O] efficient

Section B

Directions:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [DJ. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.

Loneliness has been linked to depression and other health problems. Now, a study says it can also spread. A friend of a lonely person was fifty-two percent more likely to develop feelings of loneliness. And a friend of that friend was twenty-five percent more likely to do the same.

Earlier findings showed that happiness, obesity and the ability to stop smoking can also spread like infections within social groups. The findings all come from a major health study in the American town of Framingham, Massachusetts.

The study began in 1948 to investigate the causes of heart disease. Since then，more tests have )een added, including measures of loneliness and depression.

The new findings involved more than 5,000 people in the second generation of the Framingham ieart Study. The researchers examined friendship histories and reports of loneliness. The results established a pattern that spread as people reported fewer close friends.

For example, loneliness can affect relationships between next-door neighbors. The loneliness preads as neighbors who were close friends now spend less time together. The study also found liat loneliness spreads more easily among women than men.

Researchers from the University of Chicago，Harvard and the University of California, San )iego, did the study. The findings appeared last month in theJournal of Personality and Social Psychology.

The average person is said to experience feelings of loneliness about 48 days a year. The study )und that having a lonely friend can add about 17 days. But every additional friend can decrease meliness by about five percent, or two and a half days.

Lonely people become less and less trusting of others. This makes it more and more difficult for them to make friends一and more likely that society will reject them.

John Cacioppo at the University of Chicago led the study. He says it is important to recognize and deal with loneliness. He says people who have been pushed to the edges of society should receive help to repair their social networks.

The aim should be to aggressively create what he calls a “protective barrier" against loneliness. This barrier, he says, can keep the whole network from coming apart.

57.    According to the passage，what can also spread among people besides loneliness? [A] Friendship.[B] Happiness.

[C] Depression.                                             [D] Smoking.

58.    What does the author say about the Framingham Heart Study starting from 1948?

[A]  It expanded its research topics.

[B]  It involved 5,000 patients of depression.

[C]  It identified loneliness as one key factor for heart disease.

[D]  It examined the relationship between loneliness and depression.

59.    According to the passage, the spread of loneliness_______ .

[A] leads to a gradual loss of friends               [B] is a common phenomenon among women

[C] is often found in the neighborhood             [D] ruins the relationships between close friends

60.     John Cacioppo at the University of Chicago suggests that loneliness can________ .

[A] result in aggressiveness                            [B] cause people to be overprotective

[C] affect social networks                               [D] push people to the verge of poverty

61.     What is the main idea of the passage?

[A] Loneliness can spread.                             [B] Loneliness is linked to depression.

[C] Lonely people tend to grow fat.                 [D] Lonely people need more friends.

Passage Two

Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.

California has a new program called the Digital Textbook Initiative. "Starting this fall with higl school math and science，we will be the first state in the nation — the first state in the nation — to provide schools with a state-approved list of digital textbooks." That was Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger ir June, talking about his effort to get schools to use materials available free online. He listed reasons why h( thinks digital textbooks make sense.

California approves traditional textbooks in six-year cycles. Digital ones can offer the lates information. They lighten the load of school bags. They save paper and trees, and make learning more ftu and interactive. And above all, he said, they help schools with their finances.

The state has had to make severe cuts in school spending because of deep financial problems. Mor than six million students attend California public schools.

Earlier this year, California invited content developers to offer digital math and science material for high schools. These had to meet at least ninety percent of the state's learning requirements. Speciall trained teachers examined 16 textbooks and approved ten of them.

Six of the ten were published by the CK12 Foundation. Co-founder Neeru Khosla says the nonproi group had been developing digital science and math books for about two years. The foundation pa: teachers and other education professionals to write and edit them. The money came from a group finance by the Khosla family. The AMAR Foundation also supports projects in India.

California cannot require schools to use the digital textbooks. Individual school districts will have decide for themselves.

Susan Martimo，a California Department of Education official，says she does not expect widesprei use right away. Her best guess is that some schools with a lot of technology will be the first to use thei but only in addition to their traditional books.

School administrators point out that the texts may be free online, but students need a way to access them. Not everyone has a computer or electronic reader. Schools could print out copies, but that would not help the environment. Also, there is the cost to train teachers to use digital textbooks effectively.

62.     We learn from the passage that the Digital Textbook Initiative_______ .

[A] will probably take effect in six years [B] covers all the high school subjects [C] has been approved by all states  [D] is advocated by California state governor

63.     The main reason for promoting digital textbooks is to_______ .

[A] help schools save money                         [B] benefit the environment

[C] provide interesting materials                    [D] reduce students' heavy burden

64.     What does the author say about CK12 Foundation?

[A]    It approved and produced 16 digital textbooks.

[B]    It paid teachers to write digital textbooks.

[C]    It is financed by California state government.

[D]    It makes money through developing digital textbooks.

65.    According to Susan Martimo, digital textbooks_______ .

[A]    are not likely to have a widespread use

[B]    will soon replace traditional ones

[C]    will first be adopted by well-equipped schools

[D]    are certain to be approved by school districts

66.     What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

[A]    Schools are reluctant to print out copies.

[B]    The use of digital textbooks is not really free.

[C]     Students need to pay for computers.

[D]    Training teachers to use the textbooks is not efficient.

Part V                                   Cloze                                     (15 minutes)

Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [DJ on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Advertising is a form of selling. For thousands of years there have been individuals who have tried to 67 others to buy the food they have produced or the goods they have made or the services they can 68 • But in the 19th century the mass production of goods 69 from the Industrial Revolution made person-to-person selling 70 . The mass distribution of goods that 71 the development of the railway and highway made person-to- person selling too slow and 72 . At the same time, mass communication — first newspapers and magazines then radio and television 一 made mass selling through 73 possible. The objective of any advertisement is to J74

people that it is in their best 75 to take the action the advertiser is recommending. The action _76 be to purchase a product or to use a service, vote for a political candidate or 77 to join the Army.

Advertising as a 78 developed first and most rapidly in the United States, the country that uses it to the greatest 79 . In 1980 advertising expenditures in the US exceeded 55 billion dollars or 80 2 percent of the gross national product. Canada spent about 1.2 percent of its gross national product 81 advertising.

82 advertising brings the economies of mass selling to the manufacturer, it produces benefits for the consumer as 83 . Some of those economies are passed along to the purchaser so that the cost of a product sold 84 through advertising is usually far 85 than one sold through personal salespeople. Advertising brings people immediate news about products that have just come on the market. Finally advertising 86 for the programs on commercial television and radio and for about two thirds of the cost of publishing magazines and newspapers.

67.	[A] request	[B] oblige
	[C] affect	[D] persuade
68.	[A] transfer	[B] secure
	[C] enjoy	[D] perform
69.	[A] resulting	[B] dealing
	[C] leading	[D] going
70.	[A] invalid	[B] inefficient
	[C] ineffective	[D] insufficient
71.	[A] followed	[B] preceded
	[C] achieved	[D] induced
72.	[A] awkward	[B] valuable
	[C] expensive	[D] incredible
73.	[A] marketing	[B] advertising
	[C] salespeople	[D] agents
74.	[A] anticipate	[B] assure
	[C] resolve	[D] convince
75.	[A] profits	[B] benefits
	[C] interests	[D] gains
76.	[A] should	[B] would
	[C] may	[D] will
77.	[A] just	[B] even
	[C] also	[D] then
78.	[A] business	[B] service
	[C] product	[D] profession
79.	[A] amount	[B] extent
	[C] possibility	[D] utility
80.	[A] similarly	[B] supposedly
	[C] approximately	[D] accountably
81.	[A] with	[B]at
	[C] into	[D]on
82.	[A] While	[B] Therefore
	[C] But	[D] If
83.	[A] well	[B] usual
	[C] result	[D] rule
84.	[A] largely	[B] primarily
	[C] broadly	[D] widely
85.	[A] more	[B] less
	[C] cheaper	[D] dearer
86.	[A] works	[B] calls
	[C] looks	[D] pays